Society
I. Meaning
1) It is general term.
Eg : Whole world considered as Society
2) It is an abstract term
Eg: Indian Society
3) Society has Common territory.
Eg: Village
4)There should be interaction between the people.
Eg: Family
5) People feel themselves distinct from others.
Eg: Kannsdigas
II. Definitions of society
1. According to Maclver “Society is a web of social relationships”
Eg: relationship between people
2. According to Cooley “Society is complex of forms or processes which is living and growing by interaction with the other’s
Eg: Indian Society
3. According to Ginsberg “Society is a collection of an individuals united by certain relations or modes of behaviour”
Eg: Joint Family
4. According to parsons, “Society is total complex of human relationships”
Eg : Kinship
.
5. According to John F.Cuber, “A society may be defined as group of people who have lived together
Eg : Association
6. As per Lapiere, “Society is a complex pattern of norms of interaction that arise among between them”
Eg: Kinship
7. As per G.D.H. Cole “Society is the complex of organized associations and institutions within the community”
Eg: Marriage and Family
8. According to Leacock “Society is whole range of human relations and collective activities”
Eg: Village
9. According to Harkins “Society is permanent or continuing group of men, women and children”
Eg: Tribal Society
III.Origin of Society
1. Theory of Devine origin – As per this, theory “society created by god”
2. Force theory : As per this “society created by few powerful and strong people”
3. Patriarchal theory : As per this “society created by male members”
4. Matriarchal theory: As per this “society created by female members”
5. Theory of social contract: As per Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau ” society created through making contract between two or more conflicting groups”
6. Organic Theory of society: As per Herbert Spencer, “society is like an organism. Both society and organism consists birth, growth, maturity, death”
7. Group mind theory: As per this, “society created as per many people discussions or thinking”
IV. Prerequisites of society
1.It is self Perpetuating i.e., society continue irrespective of an individuals death and birth
2.It is organized i.e., society organized as per division of labour or specialization of work
3.Society consist norms and culture
V. Conditions for society for its survival
1. Society must consist, territory
Eg: Indian territory
2. In society, group of people must maintain interaction
Eg: Rampur Village near Mysuru
3.In society, group of people must maintain, culture Eg: Indian culture
VI. Characteristics of the society
1)Common territory.
Eg: Village
2) people should maintain psychological interaction
3) people should feel themselves distinct from others. Eg: Coorgis in Karnataka
VII. Elements of the society
1) Likeness: in society, people will maintain same type of socio-bio-economic-psychological needs Eg: Indian society
2) Differences: in society, people will maintain differences Eg: Diversity in Indian society
3) When compare to difference in society, members will maintain more likeness Eg: Unity in Diversity in Indian society
VIII. Human and Animal society
Human beings also like animals in biological needs
Human beings has culture but animals has no culture
IX. Types of Society
1. Band: It is smallest society. It consist group of families, which move from place to place as per season.
Eg: Akki Pikki in Karnataka
2. Tribe: Here people will live in particular remote forest or hilly area with using common dialect and practicing primitive economic activities like hunting and food gathering / pastrolism/horticulture or shifting cultivation
Eg: Jarwa tribals in Andaman and Nicobar Islands
3. Village: Here male population engage in agricultural activities. It consist patrilocal joint family which headed by eldest male member called as Kartha
Eg: Rampur Village near Mysuru
4. Town: It is urban, here male population engage in trading activities. It consist extended nuclear family. Population is less than one lakh
Eg: here people engage in trading, manufacturing, service activities. It consist nuclear family. Population is more than one Lakh
6. Metro- politan city: here people engage in trading, manufacturing, service activities. It consist nuclear family. Population is more than million Eg: Mysuru
7. Industrial society: here people engage in manufacturing. It consist nuclear family. Eg: Badravati in Karnataka
8. Post –industrial society : here people engage in services. It consist nuclear family. Population is more than 10 millionEg : Bangalore
Enquire Now